Payment instruments and financing for global trade
Letters of credit, documentary collections, open account structures, and supply chain finance — how each instrument balances risk between buyer and seller.
3 guides in this collection
3 guides
How letters of credit actually work — bank undertakings, documentary compliance, discrepancy risk, and the real cost of the world's most trusted payment instrument.
11 min read
The payment term that runs 80% of world trade — how open account works, what sellers actually risk, and the structures that make it survivable.
8 min read
The middle-ground payment instrument between LCs and open account — how collections work, what D/P and D/A actually mean, and where the risk really sits.
8 min read
How letters of credit actually work — bank undertakings, documentary compliance, discrepancy risk, and the real cost of the world's most trusted payment instrument.
How letters of credit actually work — bank undertakings, documentary compliance, discrepancy risk, and the real cost of the world's most trusted payment instrument.
The payment term that runs 80% of world trade — how open account works, what sellers actually risk, and the structures that make it survivable.
The middle-ground payment instrument between LCs and open account — how collections work, what D/P and D/A actually mean, and where the risk really sits.
Monthly insights on insurance, escrow, verification, and trade regulation. No noise.
A letter of credit (LC) is a bank's undertaking to pay the seller upon presentation of complying documents — typically bill of lading, invoice, and insurance certificate. It substitutes bank credit for buyer credit under UCP 600 rules.
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